Six Sigma refers to techniques and tools used for process improvement by identifying and removing the causes of defects and minimizing impact variability in processes. It uses mainly statistical methods, and follows a defined sequence of steps with specific value targets, like reduce process cycle time, reduce costs, etc.

Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram is a diagram which shows the potential causes of a problem by categorizing them to identify its root causes.

FMEA or Failure Modes and Effect Analysis, is a risk assessment tool which evaluates the severity, occurrence, and detection of risks to prioritize the most urgent or impactful ones.

Lean Six Sigma combines lean concepts and Six Sigma to eliminate the eight kinds of waste: Defects, Over-Production, Waiting, Non-Utilized Talent, Transportation, Inventory, Motion, and Extra-Processing. It relies on a collaborative team effort for removing waste and reducing variation.

Cpk is process capability index and it measures how close a process is running to its specification limits, relative to the natural variability of the process. Ppk is process performance index which verify if the sample has been generated from the process is capable of meeting customer's critical to quality (CTQ) requirements or not.

VSM or Value Stream Mapping is a lean tool which uses a flowchart listing every step in the process. VSM helps to identify waste, reduce process cycle times, and implement process improvement.

MSA or Measurement System Analysis is used to assure that a selected measurement system delivers reliable results with repeatability and reproducibility. MSA evaluates a system’s accuracy, precision, and stability.

SIPOC or Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Output, and Customers, is a visual tool which documents a business process from beginning to end before implementation. SIPOC is usually used in the “define” phase of the DMAIC methodology.

The analyze phase uses many tools and the most common are Pareto Diagram, Hypothesis Testing and Regression Analysis.

An F-Test in six sigma is used for testing the variance and only when sub groups are small.

The chi-square Test is a statistical tool used to test independence or dependence (or goodness-of-fit) between random variables taken from different populations.

The problem statement for a six sigma project should be clear and defined in metrics for easy understanding by all the stakeholders and also explain to them the consequences if not resolved.

The important factor for data collection in a six sigma project is to understand all factors which are impacting on Y, in the process equation- Y = F(x). Collected data should be stratified.

Gage R&R, stands for gage repeatability and reproducibility. It is a statistical tool which measures the amount of variation in the measurement system arising from the measurement device and the people taking the measurement.

The Ishikawa diagram or the cause and effect diagram, is a diagram showing the causes of an event and is used to outline the different steps in a process and determine where quality control issues might arise and resources required at specific times. It is also known as a fishbone diagram because of its shape, similar to the side view of a fish skeleton.

The feasibility study is used to identify the success rate of a proposed idea for a business problem. The study helps identify new opportunities and their likely impact or benefit. It helps decide on which proposed idea will be the most beneficial.

The Pugh Matrix or PM is a type of Matrix Diagram which compares a number of design candidates leading ultimately to which best meets a set of criteria. It is used to decide about the most optimal and alternate solutions.

Gap Analysis is an analytical technique it identify gaps or differences in functionalities of an existing and desired system. The gap refers to the changes to be done in present system to get the desired result. Gaps can be in profit, manpower, market share or performance.

DPU measures the average number of defects per every product unit and is calculated by dividing the total number of defects found by the number of units. For example, if 30 units are produced and a total of 60 defects have been found, the DPU equals 2.

DPMO or Defects Per Million Opportunities is a ratio of the number of defects in one million opportunities. Itis calculated as- DPMO = DPO x 1,000,000. It refers to, how many times did you have a flaw or mistake (defect) for every opportunity there was to have a flaw or mistake.

Both are used in regression analysis. Adjusted R-squared is a modified version of R-squared that has been adjusted for the number of predictors in the model. The adjusted R-squared increases when the new term improves the model more than would be expected by chance. It decreases when a predictor improves the model by less than expected.

Control limit is process driven and is calculated from process data for a particular control chart. An X-bar chart and an Individual measurements chart will have different limits. Specification limits are chosen in numerous ways or is given by the client and usually apply to the individual items being measured and appear on histograms, box plots, or probability plots.

Confidence Interval is used to quantify the uncertainty by providing a lower limit and upper limit that represent a range of values that will represent the true population parameter with a specified level of confidence.

Correlation measures the relationship of the inputs (x) on the output (y) of a process; shows the degree or extent of the relationship between two variables.

Mistake-Proofing is about adding controls to prevent defects, reduce their severity, and detect them if they can occur.

Statistical Process Control uses statistical means to the course in order to determine the unusual cause from a frequent cause of course variation.

PPM or Parts Per Million Defective is the number of defective units per 1 million units. PPM is calculated by taking the number of defective units in a same size, dividing that number by the total sample size, and multiplying by 1 million.

RTY or Rolled Throughput Yield is also known as the First Pass Yield and measures the probability (or percentage of time) that a process will produce a defect-free unit. This requires mapping out a process to determine how many steps it involves. The reliability formula for a system in series with n process steps is: Rs = (R1) (R2) (R3) (R4) … (Rn). Since the reliability of a process step is the yield of that process step when quality is the performance metric, this formula then becomes: RTY= (Y1) (Y2) (Y3) (Y4) … (Yn) where Y is the yield (proportion good) for each step

I want the lean six sigma green belt master job as I am passionate about making companies more efficient by using applying the lean and six sigma tools and techniques. I am also having vast experience in many six sigma projects along with requisite educational qualification.

Lean six sigma green belt management involves lots of tasks which need to be completed in a specific time frame. Hence time management is of utmost importance and is applied by: using to do lists, being aware of time wasters and optimizing work environment