Locking

Locking

Locking is a technique used in databases, including MySQL, to manage concurrent access to shared resources. In a multi-user environment, multiple users may simultaneously try to read from or write to the same data in the database, which can lead to inconsistent or incorrect results.

MySQL provides various locking mechanisms to prevent such problems. There are two types of locks in MySQL: shared locks and exclusive locks. Shared locks allow multiple transactions to read the same data, while exclusive locks prevent any other transaction from accessing the locked data until the lock is released.

MySQL uses several locking levels, including table-level locking, row-level locking, and page-level locking. Table-level locking locks the entire table, which means that no other transactions can access the table until the lock is released. Row-level locking allows multiple transactions to access different rows of the same table simultaneously, but if one transaction locks a row, other transactions must wait until the lock is released.

Page-level locking is a hybrid approach that combines aspects of table-level locking and row-level locking. It locks a group of rows on a single page, which can improve concurrency compared to table-level locking while avoiding the overhead of row-level locking. In summary, locking is a critical aspect of database management, and MySQL provides various locking mechanisms to ensure data consistency and prevent data corruption in a multi-user environment.

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