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ARP DNS DHCP and Ping
ARP, DNS, DHCP, and Ping are commonly used protocols and tools in networking.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is a protocol used to map an IP address to a physical (MAC) address on a local network. ARP is used when a device wants to communicate with another device on the same network, but it only knows the IP address of the destination device. ARP sends a broadcast message to all devices on the network to request the physical (MAC) address of the device with the specified IP address. Once the ARP request is received by the destination device, it responds with its physical (MAC) address. The requesting device then uses this address to send data to the destination device.
DNS (Domain Name System) is a protocol used to translate human-readable domain names (such as www.google.com) into IP addresses that can be used by networking devices. DNS works by maintaining a distributed database of domain names and their corresponding IP addresses. When a device wants to communicate with a domain name, it sends a DNS request to a DNS server, which responds with the corresponding IP address.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol used to automatically assign IP addresses and other network configuration information (such as subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server addresses) to devices on a network. DHCP servers are typically configured to assign IP addresses dynamically, meaning that a device may receive a different IP address each time it connects to the network.
Ping is a tool used to test the connectivity between two devices on a network. Ping works by sending an ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo request message to the destination device and waiting for an ICMP echo reply message in response. If the destination device is reachable and responding, Ping displays the time it took for the echo request and response messages to travel between the two devices (known as the round-trip time).
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