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Identity, principal and permission
In software security, an identity represents a user or entity that is attempting to access a system or resource. An identity can be verified through authentication, which confirms the user’s identity through some form of credentials such as a username and password or a digital certificate.
A principal is an object that represents the identity of a user or entity within a system. It contains information about the user’s identity, such as their name, ID, and any associated roles or groups. The principal is used by the system to determine what actions the user is allowed to perform within the system.
Permissions are rules that define what actions a user is allowed to perform within a system or application. These permissions are typically associated with specific resources, such as files, databases, or network services. Permissions are assigned to users based on their identity and the roles or groups that they belong to.
In the .NET framework, identities, principals, and permissions are implemented using the System.Security.Principal namespace. The principal is represented by the System.Security.Principal.IPrincipal interface, which contains information about the user’s identity and any associated roles or groups. The System.Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal class provides an implementation of the IPrincipal interface for Windows authentication.
Permissions in .NET are implemented using the System.Security.Permissions namespace, which includes various classes that define different types of permissions. For example, the FileIOPermission class defines permissions for accessing files and directories, while the SocketPermission class defines permissions for accessing network sockets.
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