Other Table Operations
Operators are used to specify conditions in an SQL statement and to serve as conjunctions for multiple conditions in a statement.
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Arithmetic operators
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Comparison operators
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Logical operators
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Operators used to negate conditions
SQL Arithmetic Operators:
Assume variable a holds 10 and variable b holds 20 then:
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Addition - Adds values on either side of the operator | a + b will give 30 |
| - | Subtraction - Subtracts right hand operand from left hand operand | a - b will give -10 |
| * | Multiplication - Multiplies values on either side of the operator | a * b will give 200 |
| / | Division - Divides left hand operand by right hand operand | b / a will give 2 |
| % | Modulus - Divides left hand operand by right hand operand and returns remainder | b % a will give 0 |
SQL Comparison Operators:
Assume variable a holds 10 and variable b holds 20 then:
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| = | Checks if the value of two operands are equal or not, if yes then condition becomes true. | (a = b) is not true. |
| != | Checks if the value of two operands are equal or not, if values are not equal then condition becomes true. | (a != b) is true. |
| <> | Checks if the value of two operands are equal or not, if values are not equal then condition becomes true. | (a <> b) is true. |
| > | Checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. | (a > b) is not true. |
| < | Checks if the value of left operand is less than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. | (a < b) is true. |
| >= | Checks if the value of left operand is greater than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. | (a >= b) is not true. |
| <= | Checks if the value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. | (a <= b) is true. |
| !< | Checks if the value of left operand is not less than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. | (a !< b) is false. |
| !> | Checks if the value of left operand is not greater than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. | (a !> b) is true. |
SQL Logical Operators:
Here is a list of all the logical operators available in SQL.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| ALL | The ALL operator is used to compare a value to all values in another value set. |
| AND | The AND operator allows the existence of multiple conditions in an SQL statement's WHERE clause. |
| ANY | The ANY operator is used to compare a value to any applicable value in the list according to the condition. |
| BETWEEN | The BETWEEN operator is used to search for values that are within a set of values, given the minimum value and the maximum value. |
| EXISTS | The EXISTS operator is used to search for the presence of a row in a specified table that meets certain criteria. |
| IN | The IN operator is used to compare a value to a list of literal values that have been specified. |
| LIKE | The LIKE operator is used to compare a value to similar values using wildcard operators. |
| NOT | The NOT operator reverses the meaning of the logical operator with which it is used. Eg. NOT EXISTS, NOT BETWEEN, NOT IN etc. This is negate operator. |
| OR | The OR operator is used to combine multiple conditions in an SQL statement's WHERE clause. |
| IS NULL | The NULL operator is used to compare a value with a NULL value. |
| UNIQUE | The UNIQUE operator searches every row of a specified table for uniqueness (no duplicates). |
