Institutional Sustainable Development

Institutional Sustainable Development…Institutional reforms are important in the domain system for sustained technical progress and output growth in agriculture.There is a limited scope for privatising irrigation ,research and extension and infrastructure facilities which is in general considered to be an activity of public sector, unless the public sector’s efficiency in moblizing resources and managing these facilities is vastly improved trade and price policy reforms will not make a significant difference to pace of agricultural growth.

A few of agricultural issues are listed below:

1. Land issue :It is extremely complicated and thus complexity has contributed significantly to the problems facing cultivators.Unregistered cultivators,tenants and tribal cultivators all face difficulties in accessing institutional credit and other facilities available to farmers with land titles. Priority should be given to record and register actual cultivators and provide pass book to them to ensure that they gain access to institutional credit and other inputs,a lease of market should should be freed and some sort of security for the tenants has to be be guaranteed which will ensure availability of land for cultivation for marginal and small farmers,also land rights of tribals in the agency area must be protected.

Another issue is decline in net sown area to non agricultural .special economic zones are also occupies agricultural land.

2.Institutions for input and output market: The increasing cost of purchased inputs as well as the problem of quality in terms of  standard and spurious seeds and pesticides have also figured as the dominant factor for crop failures. Appropriate institutions need to be developed for dilivery of inputs,credits and extension specially to small farmers.Self help groups can play an important role in its attainment.

3. Institutional sustainable land and watermanagement:Environmental concerns are among the priority in India particularly degradation of land and water is alarming .watershed development programme have great impact on environment.Ground water level have been depleting at a very fast rate, privatisation and subsidised power supply are considered as the main culprits.

An integrated approach is needed for water management across the ccountry. There is need to di link water rights from land rights in order to ensure equity and sustainability.

Institutions like the water users association and water shed committee are important for water management eg:andhra Pradesh.Awareness and involvement of civil society is a precondition for checking environmental degradation .

 Click here for government certifications