IP Routing Troubleshooting by ping and Traceroute commands

Ping and traceroute are two commonly used commands for troubleshooting IP routing issues.

Ping:

Ping is a command used to test the reachability of a network device by sending an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request message to the device and waiting for an ICMP echo reply message. If the device responds, it means that it is reachable, and if it does not respond, it means that it is not reachable or that there is a problem with the network path. Ping can be used to troubleshoot routing issues by checking whether packets are being forwarded correctly to the destination network.

Traceroute:

Traceroute is a command used to trace the path that packets take from the source device to the destination device by sending packets with increasing time-to-live (TTL) values and recording the routers that send back ICMP time-exceeded messages. Traceroute can be used to troubleshoot routing issues by identifying the routers along the path to the destination network and detecting any points where packets may be dropped or delayed.

When troubleshooting routing issues using ping and traceroute, it is important to consider the following:

The IP address of the device being pinged or traced should be correct and reachable.

The source device should be able to reach the destination device through the network topology and routing protocols being used.

The routing tables on the source device and intermediate routers should be correctly configured.

Firewalls and security policies on the source device, intermediate routers, and destination device should allow ping and traceroute traffic.

The packet size and TTL values used in ping and traceroute should be appropriate for the network being tested. By using ping and traceroute commands in combination with network topology and routing protocol information, it is possible to identify and resolve IP routing issues.