Urllib and json modules
The urllib module in Python provides a way to interact with URLs, such as downloading data from a web server or sending data to a web server. The module contains several submodules, such as urllib.request, urllib.parse, urllib.error, and urllib.robotparser.
Here is an example of how to use the urllib.request submodule to download data from a URL:
pythonCopy codeimport urllib.request
url = 'https://example.com/data.txt'
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
data = response.read()
print(data)
In this code, we use the urllib.request.urlopen function to open a connection to the URL and retrieve the data. The response object returned by this function contains various information about the response, such as the status code, headers, and the data itself. We can read the data using the read method of the response object.
The json module in Python provides a way to encode and decode JSON data. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data interchange format that is easy to read and write for humans and easy to parse and generate for machines.
Here is an example of how to use the json module to encode and decode JSON data:
pythonCopy codeimport json
# encode Python data as JSON
data = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}
json_data = json.dumps(data)
print(json_data)
# decode JSON data into Python data
json_data = '{"name": "John", "age": 30, "city": "New York"}'
data = json.loads(json_data)
print(data)
In this code, we use the json.dumps function to encode a Python dictionary as a JSON string, and the json.loads function to decode a JSON string into a Python dictionary. The resulting JSON data can be easily transmitted over the internet and processed by other programs or languages that support JSON.
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