HTML and XHTML

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup Language) are both markup languages used for creating and formatting web pages. HTML is the standard markup language used for creating web pages, while XHTML is an XML-based markup language that is a stricter and more structured version of HTML.

The main difference between HTML and XHTML is that XHTML is more strict with its syntax rules and follows the rules of XML. XHTML requires that all tags be properly closed, and all elements must be nested properly. This makes XHTML more reliable for web developers, as errors in the code will be caught earlier, and the web page will be more consistent across different platforms and browsers.

HTML and XHTML also have different file extensions. HTML files typically have an extension of “.html” or “.htm”, while XHTML files have an extension of “.xhtml” or “.xml”. Overall, while both HTML and XHTML can be used to create web pages, XHTML is generally considered to be a more strict and structured language, while HTML is more lenient and forgiving. However, the differences between the two are becoming less important as HTML5, the latest version of HTML, incorporates many of the stricter syntax rules of XHTML.