Host and Router Routing

Host and Router Routing

Routing is the process of forwarding packets from one network to another network towards their destination. Host and routers are two types of devices in a network that can perform routing.

A host is a device that is connected to a network and is capable of sending and receiving data packets. A host has a single network interface and typically uses a default gateway to communicate with devices on other networks. When a host wants to send a packet to a device on a different network, it sends the packet to its default gateway, which forwards the packet towards the destination.

A router is a networking device that is responsible for forwarding data packets between networks. A router has multiple network interfaces and can be connected to multiple networks. When a router receives a packet on one interface, it examines the destination IP address of the packet and determines the best path to forward the packet towards the destination network.

Routing in hosts and routers is performed differently. In hosts, routing is typically limited to sending packets to the default gateway. Hosts do not maintain routing tables, as they do not need to make complex routing decisions.

On the other hand, routers maintain routing tables that contain information about the networks that are connected to them and the best path to reach each network. Routers use routing protocols to exchange routing information with other routers and build a routing table. Routing protocols such as OSPF, RIP, and BGP are used to dynamically update routing tables and ensure that packets are forwarded along the most efficient path.

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