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After all the requirements are clear, the next step is to convert the requirements into the design. The design is basically graphical representation of a set of algorithms which defines the process to solve the problem. In this phase the documentation of process to be followed in order solve the given problem is prepared. These design documents contain the description of fully operational and functional system, the minimum system specifications, responsibility of system, scheduling of events and the effort and cost estimation.
The basic need of an organization is to prepare architecture and data design as they provide a solid establishment for strategic initiatives such as a data strategy (collection and use of data) which can be used to improve the goal or objective of an organization. The data can be used for future decisions.
Since every organization have its own set of protocols to follow to come out with a solution. Thus every organization might have a different set of architecture to follow in order to automate the process. The architecture of an organization may be composed of several interrelated components like hardware, network, software applications and business process. Thus, a design is prepared in order to collaborate all of them into a functional unit. Since the data is basic of all the need for an organization thus architecture is need in order to prevent the access of data to authorized person.
Some of techniques used for data architecture design are listed below
- UML (Unified Modeling Language): UML is a powerful language, simple enough to build effective data structure from the organization view point.
- Data Flow Diagram (DFD): Data flow diagram is the graphical representation of a system. It defines the input and output of the data from the system and database.
- Use Case Diagram: Use case diagram are used to define the actual group of user. It also defines the access level of each user, that is what part of data is accessible by a group of user defined in Use Case Diagram.
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